Automated Testing involves using automated tools and scripts for software testing, enhancing efficiency and accuracy. It streamlines regression testing and utilizes tools like Selenium, JUnit, and Pytest. Challenges include setup, maintenance, and test selection. It encompasses various test types like unit, integration, and UI testing to improve software quality.
Automated Testing is the process of using software tools and scripts to perform tests on software applications, comparing actual results with expected outcomes. It replaces manual testing efforts with automated, repeatable, and consistent test procedures.
Key Elements of Automated Testing:
Test Automation Tools: Automated Testing relies on specialized tools and frameworks designed for test automation.
Test Scripts: Test cases are automated through scripts or test scripts that define the test steps and expected results.
Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD): Automated tests are often integrated into CI/CD pipelines, allowing for automated testing as part of the software development lifecycle.
Why Automated Testing Matters:
Understanding the importance of Automated Testing is essential for organizations seeking to achieve higher software quality, faster release cycles, and improved cost-efficiency.
The Impact of Automated Testing:
Quality Assurance: Automated Testing reduces the likelihood of human errors in testing, leading to higher software quality.
Speed and Efficiency: It allows for rapid and repeated testing, reducing the time required for regression testing and accelerating release cycles.
Cost Savings: Automated Testing minimizes the need for manual testing efforts, resulting in cost savings over time.
Benefits of Understanding Automated Testing:
Regression Testing: Automated tests enable efficient and thorough regression testing, ensuring that new changes do not introduce defects into existing functionality.
Test Coverage: Automated Testing helps achieve comprehensive test coverage, including testing of edge cases and boundary conditions.
Challenges of Understanding Automated Testing:
Initial Setup: Implementing Automated Testing initially requires time and effort to create and maintain test scripts.
Skill Set: Teams may need to acquire new skills in test automation tools and scripting languages.
Benefits of Automated Testing
Automated testing brings forth a multitude of advantages that significantly impact the software development process:
Efficiency: Automated tests are lightning-fast compared to their manual counterparts. They execute swiftly, saving valuable time and resources, thereby accelerating the testing phase of development.
Accuracy: The realm of automated testing leaves no room for human errors. These tests offer consistent, precise, and reliable results, ensuring that no detail goes unnoticed.
Regression Testing: Automated tests excel in the realm of regression testing. They swiftly and comprehensively validate code changes, reducing the risk of introducing new bugs while ensuring that existing functionality remains intact.
Tools that Power Automated Testing
A variety of tools and frameworks play a pivotal role in automating testing processes. Some notable ones include:
Selenium: An open-source web application testing framework, Selenium supports multiple browsers and platforms, making it a popular choice for web application testing.
JUnit: Primarily used for unit testing in Java-based projects, JUnit is a robust Java testing framework. It’s employed to validate individual components to ensure their functionality.
Pytest: In the world of Python, Pytest reigns supreme. Known for its simplicity and scalability, Pytest is a favored choice for automated testing in Python projects.
Challenges in Automated Testing
While automated testing offers a wealth of benefits, it isn’t without its challenges:
Initial Setup: Setting up the automation infrastructure can be a complex task. Selecting the right tools and frameworks for the project, along with configuring the environment, is a critical initial hurdle.
Maintenance: Software evolves continuously, and so should your automated tests. Keeping them up-to-date, relevant, and aligned with the latest changes in the software can be an ongoing challenge.
Test Selection: Not all tests should be automated. Deciding which tests to automate requires a careful assessment based on factors such as criticality, the frequency of execution, and the stability of features.
Types of Automated Testing
Automated testing can be categorized into several distinct types, each serving a specific purpose:
Unit Testing: Focused on testing individual units or components in isolation, unit testing ensures their functionality independently.
Integration Testing: This type of testing verifies interactions between different components or modules to ensure their correct collaboration.
UI Testing: UI testing takes the user interface and user experience under scrutiny. It validates that the UI meets design and functional requirements as expected.
Essential Considerations in Automated Testing
To ensure the success of automated testing, certain considerations must be taken into account:
Test Data: Properly preparing and managing test data for various scenarios is crucial. Test data should accurately simulate real-world usage to ensure comprehensive testing.
Feedback Loop: Integrating automated tests into the continuous integration/continuous deployment (CI/CD) pipeline is essential. This integration provides rapid feedback on code changes and ensures that issues are identified and resolved promptly.
Parallel Execution: Running tests in parallel can significantly boost efficiency and reduce execution time. Utilizing parallel execution techniques optimizes test suite performance, ensuring quicker results.
Release Planning in Action:
To understand Release Planning better, let’s explore how it operates in real-world scenarios and what it reveals about its impact on project management, stakeholder communication, and business outcomes.
Project Management:
Scenario: A software development team adopts Release Planning for a new product launch.
Release Planning in Action:
Scope Definition: The team identifies key features and improvements required for the initial product release.
Prioritization: Features are prioritized based on user needs and technical feasibility.
Timeline: The team establishes a timeline, dividing the project into manageable iterations or sprints.
Stakeholder Communication:
Scenario: A project manager uses Release Planning to communicate with stakeholders.
Release Planning in Action:
Transparency: Stakeholders gain transparency into project progress, timelines, and priorities.
Expectation Management: Release Planning helps set realistic expectations regarding what will be delivered and when.
Alignment: The project manager ensures alignment between development teams and business goals through Release Planning.
Business Outcomes:
Scenario: A company leverages Release Planning to optimize product delivery.
Release Planning in Action:
Market Alignment: The company aligns release plans with market needs and competitive dynamics.
Customer Feedback: Regular release cycles enable gathering feedback and iterating on product improvements.
Competitive Advantage: The company gains a competitive edge by delivering value to customers faster and more effectively.
Key Takeaways
Automated Testing involves the use of automated tools and scripts to perform software tests, replacing the need for manual execution.
The benefits include efficiency due to faster test execution, accuracy by reducing human errors, and efficient regression testing.
Tools like Selenium, JUnit, and Pytest aid in automation. However, challenges include the initial setup of tools, ongoing test maintenance, and strategic test selection.
Different test types, such as unit testing, integration testing, and UI testing, are automated to improve software quality.
Additional considerations involve managing test data, integrating tests into the CI/CD pipeline, and running tests in parallel for efficiency.
Key Highlights of Automated Testing:
Definition and Purpose: Automated Testing involves using software tools and scripts to execute tests, replacing manual efforts for efficiency and accuracy.
Components:
Test Automation Tools: Specialized tools for automated testing.
Test Scripts: Automated test cases defined by scripts.
CI/CD Integration: Integration of tests into continuous integration and continuous deployment pipelines.
Significance:
Quality Assurance: Improves software quality by reducing errors.
Speed and Efficiency: Accelerates testing processes and release cycles.
Cost Savings: Minimizes manual testing efforts, leading to cost savings.
Tools:
Selenium: For web application testing.
JUnit: For unit testing in Java projects.
Pytest: For automated testing in Python projects.
Challenges:
Initial Setup: Requires time and effort to set up automation infrastructure.
Maintenance: Tests need to be regularly updated to align with software changes.
Test Selection: Not all tests are suitable for automation; careful selection is required.
Types of Automated Testing:
Unit Testing: Tests individual components.
Integration Testing: Verifies interactions between components.
UI Testing: Validates user interface and experience.
Considerations:
Test Data Management: Ensuring proper preparation and management of test data.
CI/CD Integration: Integrating automated tests into development pipelines.
Parallel Execution: Running tests in parallel for efficiency.
AIOps is the application of artificial intelligence to IT operations. It has become particularly useful for modern IT management in hybridized, distributed, and dynamic environments. AIOps has become a key operational component of modern digital-based organizations, built around software and algorithms.
Agile started as a lightweight development method compared to heavyweight software development, which is the core paradigm of the previous decades of software development. By 2001 the Manifesto for Agile Software Development was born as a set of principles that defined the new paradigm for software development as a continuous iteration. This would also influence the way of doing business.
Agile Program Management is a means of managing, planning, and coordinating interrelated work in such a way that value delivery is emphasized for all key stakeholders. Agile Program Management (AgilePgM) is a disciplined yet flexible agile approach to managing transformational change within an organization.
Agile project management (APM) is a strategy that breaks large projects into smaller, more manageable tasks. In the APM methodology, each project is completed in small sections – often referred to as iterations. Each iteration is completed according to its project life cycle, beginning with the initial design and progressing to testing and then quality assurance.
Agile Modeling (AM) is a methodology for modeling and documenting software-based systems. Agile Modeling is critical to the rapid and continuous delivery of software. It is a collection of values, principles, and practices that guide effective, lightweight software modeling.
Agile Business Analysis (AgileBA) is certification in the form of guidance and training for business analysts seeking to work in agile environments. To support this shift, AgileBA also helps the business analyst relate Agile projects to a wider organizational mission or strategy. To ensure that analysts have the necessary skills and expertise, AgileBA certification was developed.
Agile leadership is the embodiment of agile manifesto principles by a manager or management team. Agile leadership impacts two important levels of a business. The structural level defines the roles, responsibilities, and key performance indicators. The behavioral level describes the actions leaders exhibit to others based on agile principles.
The andon system alerts managerial, maintenance, or other staff of a production process problem. The alert itself can be activated manually with a button or pull cord, but it can also be activated automatically by production equipment. Most Andon boards utilize three colored lights similar to a traffic signal: green (no errors), yellow or amber (problem identified, or quality check needed), and red (production stopped due to unidentified issue).
Bimodal Portfolio Management (BimodalPfM) helps an organization manage both agile and traditional portfolios concurrently. Bimodal Portfolio Management – sometimes referred to as bimodal development – was coined by research and advisory company Gartner. The firm argued that many agile organizations still needed to run some aspects of their operations using traditional delivery models.
Business innovation is about creating new opportunities for an organization to reinvent its core offerings, revenue streams, and enhance the value proposition for existing or new customers, thus renewing its whole business model. Business innovation springs by understanding the structure of the market, thus adapting or anticipating those changes.
Business modelinnovation is about increasing the success of an organization with existing products and technologies by crafting a compelling value proposition able to propel a new business model to scale up customers and create a lasting competitive advantage. And it all starts by mastering the key customers.
A consumer brand company like Procter & Gamble (P&G) defines “Constructive Disruption” as: a willingness to change, adapt, and create new trends and technologies that will shape our industry for the future. According to P&G, it moves around four pillars: lean innovation, brand building, supply chain, and digitalization & data analytics.
That is a process that requires a continuous feedback loop to develop a valuable product and build a viable business model. Continuous innovation is a mindset where products and services are designed and delivered to tune them around the customers’ problem and not the technical solution of its founders.
A design sprint is a proven five-day process where critical business questions are answered through speedy design and prototyping, focusing on the end-user. A design sprint starts with a weekly challenge that should finish with a prototype, test at the end, and therefore a lesson learned to be iterated.
Tim Brown, Executive Chair of IDEO, defined design thinking as “a human-centered approach to innovation that draws from the designer’s toolkit to integrate the needs of people, the possibilities of technology, and the requirements for business success.” Therefore, desirability, feasibility, and viability are balanced to solve critical problems.
DevOps refers to a series of practices performed to perform automated software development processes. It is a conjugation of the term “development” and “operations” to emphasize how functions integrate across IT teams. DevOps strategies promote seamless building, testing, and deployment of products. It aims to bridge a gap between development and operations teams to streamline the development altogether.
Product discovery is a critical part of agile methodologies, as its aim is to ensure that products customers love are built. Product discovery involves learning through a raft of methods, including design thinking, lean start-up, and A/B testing to name a few. Dual Track Agile is an agile methodology containing two separate tracks: the “discovery” track and the “delivery” track.
eXtreme Programming was developed in the late 1990s by Ken Beck, Ron Jeffries, and Ward Cunningham. During this time, the trio was working on the Chrysler Comprehensive Compensation System (C3) to help manage the company payroll system. eXtreme Programming (XP) is a software development methodology. It is designed to improve software quality and the ability of software to adapt to changing customer needs.
Feature-Driven Development is a pragmatic software process that is client and architecture-centric. Feature-Driven Development (FDD) is an agile software development model that organizes workflow according to which features need to be developed next.
A Gemba Walk is a fundamental component of lean management. It describes the personal observation of work to learn more about it. Gemba is a Japanese word that loosely translates as “the real place”, or in business, “the place where value is created”. The Gemba Walk as a concept was created by Taiichi Ohno, the father of the Toyota Production System of lean manufacturing. Ohno wanted to encourage management executives to leave their offices and see where the real work happened. This, he hoped, would build relationships between employees with vastly different skillsets and build trust.
GIST Planning is a relatively easy and lightweight agile approach to product planning that favors autonomous working. GIST Planning is a lean and agile methodology that was created by former Google product manager Itamar Gilad. GIST Planning seeks to address this situation by creating lightweight plans that are responsive and adaptable to change. GIST Planning also improves team velocity, autonomy, and alignment by reducing the pervasive influence of management. It consists of four blocks: goals, ideas, step-projects, and tasks.
The ICE Scoring Model is an agile methodology that prioritizes features using data according to three components: impact, confidence, and ease of implementation. The ICE Scoring Model was initially created by author and growth expert Sean Ellis to help companies expand. Today, the model is broadly used to prioritize projects, features, initiatives, and rollouts. It is ideally suited for early-stage product development where there is a continuous flow of ideas and momentum must be maintained.
An innovation funnel is a tool or process ensuring only the best ideas are executed. In a metaphorical sense, the funnel screens innovative ideas for viability so that only the best products, processes, or business models are launched to the market. An innovation funnel provides a framework for the screening and testing of innovative ideas for viability.
According to how well defined is the problem and how well defined the domain, we have four main types of innovations: basic research (problem and domain or not well defined); breakthrough innovation (domain is not well defined, the problem is well defined); sustaining innovation (both problem and domain are well defined); and disruptive innovation (domain is well defined, the problem is not well defined).
The innovation loop is a methodology/framework derived from the Bell Labs, which produced innovation at scale throughout the 20th century. They learned how to leverage a hybrid innovation management model based on science, invention, engineering, and manufacturing at scale. By leveraging individual genius, creativity, and small/large groups.
The Agile methodology has been primarily thought of for software development (and other business disciplines have also adopted it). Lean thinking is a process improvement technique where teams prioritize the value streams to improve it continuously. Both methodologies look at the customer as the key driver to improvement and waste reduction. Both methodologies look at improvement as something continuous.
A startup company is a high-tech business that tries to build a scalable business model in tech-driven industries. A startup company usually follows a lean methodology, where continuous innovation, driven by built-in viral loops is the rule. Thus, driving growth and building network effects as a consequence of this strategy.
As pointed out by Eric Ries, a minimum viable product is that version of a new product which allows a team to collect the maximum amount of validated learning about customers with the least effort through a cycle of build, measure, learn; that is the foundation of the lean startup methodology.
Kanban is a lean manufacturing framework first developed by Toyota in the late 1940s. The Kanban framework is a means of visualizing work as it moves through identifying potential bottlenecks. It does that through a process called just-in-time (JIT) manufacturing to optimize engineering processes, speed up manufacturing products, and improve the go-to-market strategy.
Jidoka was first used in 1896 by Sakichi Toyoda, who invented a textile loom that would stop automatically when it encountered a defective thread. Jidoka is a Japanese term used in lean manufacturing. The term describes a scenario where machines cease operating without human intervention when a problem or defect is discovered.
The PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act) cycle was first proposed by American physicist and engineer Walter A. Shewhart in the 1920s. The PDCA cycle is a continuous process and product improvement method and an essential component of the lean manufacturing philosophy.
RAD was first introduced by author and consultant James Martin in 1991. Martin recognized and then took advantage of the endless malleability of software in designing development models. Rapid Application Development (RAD) is a methodology focusing on delivering rapidly through continuous feedback and frequent iterations.
Retrospective analyses are held after a project to determine what worked well and what did not. They are also conducted at the end of an iteration in Agile project management. Agile practitioners call these meetings retrospectives or retros. They are an effective way to check the pulse of a project team, reflect on the work performed to date, and reach a consensus on how to tackle the next sprint cycle. These are the five stages of a retrospective analysis for effective Agile project management: set the stage, gather the data, generate insights, decide on the next steps, and close the retrospective.
Scaled Agile Lean Development (ScALeD) helps businesses discover a balanced approach to agile transition and scaling questions. The ScALed approach helps businesses successfully respond to change. Inspired by a combination of lean and agile values, ScALed is practitioner-based and can be completed through various agile frameworks and practices.
The SMED (single minute exchange of die) method is a lean production framework to reduce waste and increase production efficiency. The SMED method is a framework for reducing the time associated with completing an equipment changeover.
The Spotify Model is an autonomous approach to scaling agile, focusing on culture communication, accountability, and quality. The Spotify model was first recognized in 2012 after Henrik Kniberg, and Anders Ivarsson released a white paper detailing how streaming company Spotify approached agility. Therefore, the Spotify model represents an evolution of agile.
As the name suggests, TDD is a test-driven technique for delivering high-quality software rapidly and sustainably. It is an iterative approach based on the idea that a failing test should be written before any code for a feature or function is written. Test-Driven Development (TDD) is an approach to software development that relies on very short development cycles.
Timeboxing is a simple yet powerful time-management technique for improving productivity. Timeboxing describes the process of proactively scheduling a block of time to spend on a task in the future. It was first described by author James Martin in a book about agile software development.
Scrum is a methodology co-created by Ken Schwaber and Jeff Sutherland for effective team collaboration on complex products. Scrum was primarily thought for software development projects to deliver new software capability every 2-4 weeks. It is a sub-group of agile also used in project management to improve startups’ productivity.
Scrumban is a project management framework that is a hybrid of two popular agile methodologies: Scrum and Kanban. Scrumban is a popular approach to helping businesses focus on the right strategic tasks while simultaneously strengthening their processes.
Scrum anti-patterns describe any attractive, easy-to-implement solution that ultimately makes a problem worse. Therefore, these are the practice not to follow to prevent issues from emerging. Some classic examples of scrum anti-patterns comprise absent product owners, pre-assigned tickets (making individuals work in isolation), and discounting retrospectives (where review meetings are not useful to really make improvements).
Scrum at Scale (Scrum@Scale) is a framework that Scrum teams use to address complex problems and deliver high-value products. Scrum at Scale was created through a joint venture between the Scrum Alliance and Scrum Inc. The joint venture was overseen by Jeff Sutherland, a co-creator of Scrum and one of the principal authors of the Agile Manifesto.
Six Sigma is a data-driven approach and methodology for eliminating errors or defects in a product, service, or process. Six Sigma was developed by Motorola as a management approach based on quality fundamentals in the early 1980s. A decade later, it was popularized by General Electric who estimated that the methodology saved them $12 billion in the first five years of operation.
Stretch objectives describe any task an agile team plans to complete without expressly committing to do so. Teams incorporate stretch objectives during a Sprint or Program Increment (PI) as part of Scaled Agile. They are used when the agile team is unsure of its capacity to attain an objective. Therefore, stretch objectives are instead outcomes that, while extremely desirable, are not the difference between the success or failure of each sprint.
The Toyota Production System (TPS) is an early form of lean manufacturing created by auto-manufacturer Toyota. Created by the Toyota Motor Corporation in the 1940s and 50s, the Toyota Production System seeks to manufacture vehicles ordered by customers most quickly and efficiently possible.
The Total Quality Management (TQM) framework is a technique based on the premise that employees continuously work on their ability to provide value to customers. Importantly, the word “total” means that all employees are involved in the process – regardless of whether they work in development, production, or fulfillment.
The waterfall model was first described by Herbert D. Benington in 1956 during a presentation about the software used in radar imaging during the Cold War. Since there were no knowledge-based, creative software development strategies at the time, the waterfall method became standard practice. The waterfall model is a linear and sequential project management framework.
Gennaro is the creator of FourWeekMBA, which reached about four million business people, comprising C-level executives, investors, analysts, product managers, and aspiring digital entrepreneurs in 2022 alone | He is also Director of Sales for a high-tech scaleup in the AI Industry | In 2012, Gennaro earned an International MBA with emphasis on Corporate Finance and Business Strategy.
